Troubleshooting of CNC machine tools

Troubleshooting of CNC machine tools
1. Initialization reset method: In general, if a system alarm is caused by an instantaneous fault, the fault can be cleared by hardware reset or switching the system power supply in sequence. If the system's working storage area is confused due to power failure, unplugging circuit boards, or battery undervoltage, the system must be initialized and cleared. Before clearing, attention should be paid to making data copies and records. If the fault cannot be eliminated after initialization, hardware diagnosis should be conducted.
2. Parameter change, program correction method: System parameters are the basis for determining system functions, and incorrect parameter settings may cause system malfunctions or invalid functions. Sometimes, due to user program errors, malfunctions and shutdowns can also occur. The system's block search function can be used to check and correct all errors to ensure their normal operation.
3. Adjustment, optimization adjustment method: Adjustment is the simplest and most feasible method. Correct system faults by adjusting the potentiometer. During maintenance in a certain factory, the system display screen is chaotic and adjusted to be normal. For example, in a certain factory, the main shaft experienced belt slippage during startup and braking due to the high load torque of the main shaft, while the inclined rise time of the driving device was set too small and adjusted to normal.
Optimization adjustment is a comprehensive adjustment method that systematically achieves the best match between the servo drive system and the dragged mechanical system. The method is simple, using a multi line recorder or a dual trace oscilloscope with storage function to observe the response relationship between commands and speed feedback or current feedback. By adjusting the proportional coefficient and integration time of the speed regulator, the servo system can achieve the optimal working state with high dynamic response characteristics without oscillation. In the absence of an oscilloscope or recorder on site, based on experience, adjust to make the motor vibrate, then slowly adjust in the opposite direction until the vibration is eliminated.
4. Spare parts replacement method: Use good spare parts to replace the diagnosed faulty circuit board, and perform corresponding initialization and startup to quickly put the machine tool into normal operation, and then repair or rework the faulty board. This is the most commonly used troubleshooting method.
5. Method of improving power quality: Generally, a regulated power supply is used to improve power fluctuations. For high-frequency interference, capacitance filtering method can be used to reduce power board faults through these preventive measures.
6. Maintenance information tracking method: Some large manufacturing companies continuously modify and improve system software or hardware based on occasional failures caused by design defects in actual work. These modifications are continuously provided to maintenance personnel in the form of maintenance information. Using this as the basis for troubleshooting can correctly and thoroughly eliminate faults.