Power Requirements for CNC Machine Tools

Power Requirements Editing Broadcast
As is well known, high-speed machining technology has developed rapidly, and it is precisely CNC machine tools that drive this development trend. It is crucial to make good use of the various performance of CNC machine tools and maintain their accuracy.
The power supply is the energy support part that maintains the normal operation of the system, and its failure or malfunction directly results in system shutdown or damage to the entire system. In addition, some operating data, setting data, and machining programs of the CNC system are generally stored in RAM memory. After the system is powered off, they are maintained by a backup battery or lithium battery of the power supply. Therefore, the downtime is relatively long, and unplugging or unplugging the power supply or memory may cause data loss, making the system unable to operate.
Meanwhile, since CNC equipment uses a three-phase AC 380V power supply, safety is also an important part of the early installation work of CNC equipment. Based on the above reasons, there are the following requirements for the power supply used in CNC equipment:
1. The voltage fluctuation of the power grid should be controlled between+10% and -15%. However, China's power supply has significant fluctuations, poor quality, and hidden disturbances such as high-frequency pulses, as well as human factors such as sudden power outages. During peak electricity periods, such as about an hour before going to work or leaving work during the day and at night, there is often a significant deviation, even reaching ± 20%. Causing the machine tool to alarm and unable to operate normally, and causing damage to the machine tool power system. Even leading to the loss of relevant parameter data, etc. This phenomenon has occurred on machine tools such as CNC machining centers or turning centers, and its frequency is relatively high, which should be taken seriously.
It is recommended to configure an AC regulated power supply system with automatic compensation and regulation function in workshops with centralized CNC machine tools; A single CNC machine tool can be equipped with a separate AC voltage regulator to solve the problem.
2. It is recommended to connect mechanical and electrical equipment to a single power source. If it is necessary to use other power sources to supply certain parts of electrical equipment (such as electronic circuits, electromagnetic clutches), these power sources should be taken as much as possible from components that are part of the mechanical electrical equipment (such as transformers, transducers, etc.). For large and complex machinery, including many that work together in a collaborative manner and occupy a large space, it may require more than one incoming power supply, which depends on the configuration of the site power supply.
Unless mechanical and electrical equipment is directly connected to the power supply through a plug/socket, it is recommended to connect the power cord directly to the power terminal of the power cut-off switch. If this is not possible, a separate wiring base should be set up for the power cord.
The handle of the power cut-off switch should be easily accessible and installed between 0.6 and 1.9 meters above the easy to operate position. The recommended upper limit is 1.7m. This can quickly cut off power in the event of an emergency, reducing losses and casualties.
3. CNC equipment requires a compressed air supply system. CNC machine tools generally use many pneumatic components, so a clean and dry compressed air supply system network should be connected to the factory building. Its flow rate and pressure should meet the requirements. The compressed air machine should be installed away from the CNC machine tool. According to the layout and gas consumption of the factory building, it should be considered to install chilled air in the compressed air supply system network for equipment such as coal machines, air filters, air storage tanks, safety valves, etc.
4. The requirements for the working environment of CNC equipment. Precision CNC equipment generally requires a constant temperature environment, and only under constant temperature conditions can the accuracy and processing degree of the machine tool be ensured. General CNC machine tools do not have specific requirements for room temperature, but a large number of practices have shown that the failure rate of CNC systems greatly increases when the room temperature is too high.
A humid environment can reduce the reliability of CNC machine tools, especially in humid environments with high levels of acid gas, which can cause corrosion of printed circuit boards and connectors, and increase electrical faults in the machine tool. Therefore, some users in southern China should take measures to dehumidify the CNC machine tool environment during summer and rainy seasons.
1) The working environment temperature should be between 0 and 35 ℃, avoiding direct sunlight on the CNC machine tool. The room should be equipped with good lighting equipment.
2) In order to improve the accuracy of machining parts and reduce the thermal deformation of the machine tool, if possible, the CNC machine tool can be installed in a relatively enclosed factory with air conditioning equipment.
3) The relative humidity of the working environment should be less than 75%. CNC machine tools should be installed in places away from liquid splashes and to prevent factory leakage.
4) Stay away from environments with excessive dust and corrosive gases [1].