The main characteristics of CNC machine tools

The main characteristics of CNC machine tools
The operation and monitoring of CNC machine tools are all completed in this CNC unit, which is the brain of CNC machine tools. Compared with ordinary machine tools, CNC machine tools have the following characteristics:
1. Strong adaptability to processing objects, adapting to the characteristics of single piece production of products such as molds, providing suitable processing methods for mold manufacturing;
2. High machining accuracy and stable machining quality;
3. Capable of multi coordinate linkage and processing complex shaped parts;
4. When changing the processing parts, generally only the CNC program needs to be changed, which can save production preparation time;
5. The machine tool itself has high accuracy and rigidity, and can choose favorable processing quantities, resulting in high productivity (usually 3-5 times that of ordinary machine tools);
6. High degree of automation in machine tools can reduce labor intensity;
7. Beneficial to the modernization of production management. CNC machine tools use digital information and standard codes to process and transmit information, and use computer control methods, laying the foundation for the integration of computer-aided design, manufacturing, and management;
8. High requirements for the quality of operators and higher technical requirements for maintenance personnel;
9. High reliability.
Compared with traditional machine tools, CNC machine tools have the following characteristics.
1. Highly flexible
Processing parts on CNC machine tools mainly depends on the processing program. Unlike ordinary machine tools, it does not require manufacturing, replacing many molds and fixtures, and does not require frequent readjustment of the machine tool. Therefore, CNC machine tools are suitable for frequent replacement of processed parts, which is suitable for the production of single or small batch products and the development of new products, thereby shortening the production preparation cycle and saving a large amount of process equipment costs.
2. High machining accuracy
The machining accuracy of CNC machine tools can generally reach 0.05-0.1mm. CNC machine tools are controlled in the form of digital signals. For each pulse signal output by the CNC device, the moving parts of the machine tool move with a pulse equivalent (usually 0.001mm). Moreover, the reverse clearance of the machine tool feed transmission chain and the average error of the screw pitch can be compensated by the CNC device, so the positioning accuracy of CNC machine tools is relatively high.
3. Stable and reliable processing quality
Processing the same batch of parts on the same machine tool, under the same processing conditions, using the same tool and processing program, the tool path is completely the same, the consistency of the parts is good, and the quality is stable.
4. High productivity
CNC machine tools can effectively reduce the processing time and auxiliary time of parts. The spindle sound speed and feed rate of CNC machine tools have a wide range, allowing the machine to perform strong cutting with large cutting amounts. CNC machine tools are entering the era of high-speed machining, and the rapid movement and positioning of moving parts of CNC machine tools, as well as high-speed cutting, have greatly improved productivity. In addition, combined with the tool library of the machining center, it can achieve continuous processing of multiple processes on a single machine tool, reduce the turnover time between processes of semi-finished products, and improve productivity.
5. Improving working conditions
Before CNC machine tool processing, after adjustment, input the program and start it, the machine tool can automatically and continuously process until the processing is completed. The operator only needs to perform tasks such as program input, editing, part loading and unloading, tool preparation, observation of machining status, and part inspection. The labor intensity is greatly reduced, and the labor of machine tool operators tends to be intelligent. In addition, machine tools are generally combined to ensure cleanliness and safety.
6. Utilize modernization of production management
The processing of CNC machine tools can accurately estimate the processing time in advance, standardize the tools and fixtures used, modernize management, and facilitate the standardization of processing information. It has been organically combined with computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM), and is the foundation of modern integrated manufacturing technology