1. Main functions of CNC milling machine
1) Point control function: The point control of the CNC milling machine is mainly used for hole processing of workpieces, such as center drilling positioning, drilling, reaming, countersinking, reaming and boring.
2) Continuous control function: Through linear interpolation, circular interpolation or complex curve interpolation motion of CNC milling machine, the plane and surface of the workpiece are milled.
3) Tool radius compensation function If you program directly according to the contour of the workpiece, the actual contour line will be increased by one tool radius value when machining the inner contour of the workpiece; the actual contour line will be decreased by one tool radius value when the outer contour of the workpiece is processed. Using the tool radius compensation method, the CNC system automatically calculates the tool center trajectory, deviates the tool center from the workpiece contour by a tool radius value, and processes a contour that meets the requirements of the drawing. Using the tool radius compensation function, changing the tool radius compensation amount can also compensate the tool wear amount and machining error, and realize the rough machining and finishing of the workpiece.
4) Tool length compensation function: Changing the compensation amount of the tool length can compensate the length deviation value after the tool is changed, and it can also change the plane position of the cutting process and control the axial positioning accuracy of the tool.
5) Fixed cycle processing function: The application of fixed cycle processing instructions can simplify the processing program and reduce the programming workload.
6) Subroutine function: If the shape of the workpiece is the same or similar, write it into a subroutine and call it from the main program to simplify the program structure. The function of quoting subprograms makes the processing program modular. It is divided into several modules according to the procedures of the processing process, and is written into subprograms, which are called by the main program to complete the processing of the workpiece. This modular program is easy to debug and optimize the process.
7) Special functions: Configure the copying software and copying device on the CNC milling machine, use the sensors to scan and collect data, and automatically generate the NC program after the data processing, and then realize the copying processing of the workpiece and the reverse processing engineering. In short, after the configuration of certain software and hardware, the use of CNC milling machines can be expanded.
2. CNC milling machine processing range
1) Plane processing: The milling plane of CNC machine tools can be divided into the horizontal plane (XY) machining of the workpiece, the positive plane (XZ) machining of the workpiece and the side plane (YZ) machining of the workpiece. As long as a two-axis semi-controlled CNC milling machine can be used to complete such a plane milling process.
2) Surface processing: If milling complex surfaces, you need to use a CNC milling machine with three or more axes.
3. Equipment of CNC milling machine
1) Fixtures: The universal fixtures of CNC milling machines mainly include flat pliers, magnetic suction cups and platen devices. For machining, large-volume or complex-shaped workpieces, a combined fixture must be designed. If pneumatic and hydraulic fixtures are used, the fixture can be controlled automatically through the program to achieve automatic assembly of the workpiece, which can further improve work efficiency and reduce labor intensity.
2) Cutting tools: Commonly used milling tools include end mills, end mills, forming mills, and hole processing tools.
